Airgel, cov khoom siv ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws hu ua "cov pa hluav taws xob" lossis " Kev npaj zoo heev thermal tau dhau los ua tus yuam sij los ua kom muaj kev ua rau lub zais cia ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj uas tsim nws cov xwm txheej yooj yim uas tsim nws cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
Zoo siab
1. Npaj pa Airgel: qhov zoo hloov los ntawm Sol mus rau Airgel
1.1 sol-gel txheej txheem: lub sijhawm "hauv nruab nrab" ntawm cov qauv khoom
1.2 ziab: "sib ntaus sib tua" tseem ceeb "los tiv thaiv cov qauv sib tw
{2. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Airgel: "Daim Ntawv Teev Npe" uas tau txheeb ze
2.1 Tsawg ntom ntom: Cov kev tawm tsam zoo "ntawm kev pom huab
2.2 High porosity thiab thaj chaw loj tshwj xeeb: qhov "adsorption & catalytic Hoobkas" ntawm lub ntiaj teb me me
2.3 Kev Rwb Thaiv Tsev Thermal Zoo Tshaj: "Super Barrier" ntawm kev sib tsoo kub
{{03. Cov Khoom Yooj Yim ntawm Airgel: "Underlying code" ntawm cov khoom muaj peev xwm
3.1 Cov Khoom Siv Cov Neeg Kho Tshuab: Ib qho kev sib tawg ntawm "Algile" rau "Yas"
3.2 Tshuaj Muaj Zog: Tus "Dej" Ntawm Kev Pom Zoo Ib puag ncig
3.3 Cov Khoom Kho Dua Tshiab: Cov "nce qib theem" ntawm cov teeb kev cai
1. Npaj pa Airgel: qhov zoo hloov los ntawm Sol mus rau Airgel
Kev npaj ntawm Airgel yog "micro-engineering" uas yog tus tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab qhov ua tiav ntawm cov khoom tiav ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo nkauj {"Cov kauj ruam tom ntej
1.1 sol-gel txheej txheem: lub sijhawm "hauv nruab nrab" ntawm cov qauv khoom
Kev npaj pib nrog xaiv cov precursors {{0} hlau alkoxels yog cov khoom noj ua ntej "} Kev cuam tshuam hydrolysis thiab kev ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam yog hloov cov pab pawg hydroxysis (-oh) Cov hws tawm tso cai rau cov choj txuas hniav oxide (- M-)
Noj cov ua piv txwv siralica ua piv txwv, acidic lossis alkaline ib puag ncig, hauv cov hws khov kho thiab ua kom nrawm dua, muab cov txheej txheem ntau ntxiv; alkaline catalysis ua kom muaj kev ua kom muaj cov kab ke ntawm cov ceg ntoo thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv "rau cov ntawv thov txuas ntxiv.
1.2 ziab: "sib ntaus sib tua" tseem ceeb "los tiv thaiv cov qauv sib tw
Kom qhuav yog "tus yeej" ntawm Airgel npaj - nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov gel thiab zam kev ua kom qhuav (APD) yog ob qho "kev sib ntaus sib tua" ntawm qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no {2}
Supercritical ziab (SCD) siv lub nkoj siab los tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb, thiab cov pa roj carbon. noj mov ua kua muag high-porosity, tsawg-ceev cov khoom lag luam zoo, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv nce ntau lawm {}}
Kev siv hluav taws xob hauv atmospheric (APD) siv txoj kev hloov pauv " Tom qab ntawd kev hloov kho saum npoo (xws li Silanization) yog ua kom lub tsev ua haujlwm me me, tab sis nws cov haujlwm ua tau zoo dua qub, tab sis nws cov haujlwm ua haujlwm me ntsis tau qhib txoj hauv kev rau cov khoom loj me me
2.} Kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Airgel: "Daim Ntawv Teev Npe" uas pab pawg neeg hais plaub
Kev ua yeeb yam ntawm airgel zoo li yug los ua txhaum los ntawm kev siv rwb thaiv tsev, txhua tus uas tau rov kho dua lub tswv yim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv .
2.1 Tsawg ntom ntom: "Zoo hloov kho" uas yog lub teeb heev
Qhov chaw ntom ntom ntawm Airgel ({0}} g / chots { ≈ 1 {. 2 mg / cm3). Cov yeeb yam no ua rau lub teb chaws aerospace ua teb: Thaum siv hauv cov qauv hluav taws xob, nws tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev txuag nyiaj nce ntxiv, thiab ua kom muaj kev xaiv txo qis ".
Qhov porosas feem ntau tau tshaj 80%, thiab qee qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm200-1000 lub ntsej muag ci ntsa iab (}} pa taws Tus kws tshaj lij "Adsorption kws muaj txuj ci" - nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nws tuaj yeem kho cov pa paug thiab cov roj ntsha hauv cov pa dej, lossis cov teeb meem adsorbing Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem muab "cov chaw loj me" rau cov txheej txheem catalytic, ua kom zoo nkauj "rau kev lag luam tshuaj ntsuab {}}
2.3 rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev: "Super Barrier" rau kev kub siab
Lub thermal rwb thaiv tsev muaj peev xwm ntawm lub airgel los ntawm "kev thaiv" ntawm peb txoj kev hloov pauv (kev ua kom sov) Cov network ruaj khov nws tus kheej muaj tsawg thermal conductivity, txo cov cua txias hloov; siab porosity txuas ntxiv ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv silica}}}}}}} qhov no ua rau nws a "Thermal rwb thaiv tsev" hauv kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev
{{03. Cov Khoom Yooj Yim ntawm Aerogels: Qhov "Underly code" ntawm cov khoom muaj peev xwm
Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm Aerogels txiav txim siab tias daim ntawv thov cov xwm txheej nws tuaj yeem hloov kho thiab kuj coj cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom hloov kho hloov kho.
3.1 Cov Khoom Siv Cov Neeg Kho Tshuab: Ib qho kev sib tawg ntawm "Algile" rau "Yas"
Aerogels Aerogels (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog silica-based) feem ntau muab cov tib neeg lub zog thiab hloov kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ". Piv txwv, txhawb nqa nrog Cov pa roj carbon nanotubes lossis kev ua ke rau hauv elicast polymer tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo nkauj rau cov khoom siv hnav tshiab) thiab tsim kev poob siab inticting {}
Tshuaj lom neeg muaj kev ruaj khov nyob ntawm lawv cov kev hloov kho hydrocel yog "ruaj khov} Nyob rau hauv cov kab ke hydlice) ua rau cov ntaub thaiv npog hydlice) los ua" kev tiv thaiv zoo "los txhim kho nws txoj sia nyob hauv siab .} pa roj carbon}, cov khoom ua pov thawj "hauv cov khoom siv hnyav (xws li roj hluav taws xob (xws li roj hluav taws xob) {{4}
3.3 Qhov muag kho qhov muag: Qhov "puas tau hloov theem" ntawm kev cai teeb
Kev ua haujlwm kho qhov muag ntawm Airgel (pob tshab, translucent lossis opt {} Lub teeb ci ntsa iab los ntawm cov teeb meem hauv sab hauv tsev -} Nyob rau hauv tib lub sijhawm, los ntawm kev tsim qauv Txhawm rau tswj lub teeb tawg thiab kis, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv kho tshiab, dhau los ua cov ntawv thov optical.
Airgel, nrog ib qho kev npaj ua tshwj xeeb los ua cov microstructure, txhua kauj ruam ntawm nws cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm "ntawm cov khoom siv txuj ci" ntawm cov khoom siv txuj ci "ntawm cov khoom siv txuj ci" muaj tseeb "qhia nws lub zog" hauv ntau daim teb hauv lub neej yav tom ntej thiab dhau los ua kev kawm txuj ci thiab pom nws txuas ntxiv sau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv legends {}}